Deetline – Little Bighorn History

This Week in Little Bighorn History

Henry Charles Weihe, who was also known as Charles White, died of heart disease on October 29, 1906, at Fort Meade, South Dakota, and was buried in the Old Post Cemetery there. He was a Sergeant in Company M who participated in the valley and hilltop fights and was wounded. See 7th Cavalry Troopers in South Dakota for his obituaries and pension file.

William Millard Caldwell (left) died on October 30, 1913, in Clearfield, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, and was buried in the Old Town Cemetery there. He was a Private in Company B who was not present at the battle due to detached service at Powder River, Montana.

Anton Seibelder was born in Lichtenvoorde, Germany, on October 31, 1828. He was a Private in Company A who participated in the valley and hilltop fights during the battle.

Boston Custer (left) was born on October 31, 1848, in New Rumley, Ohio. He served as a Guide for the 7th Cavalry and was killed along with his two brothers and a nephew during the battle. His body was found near Last Stand Hill.

James Madison DeWolf (right) married Fannie J. Downing on October 31, 1871. He was the Acting Assistant Surgeon for the 7th Cavalry who was killed during the retreat from the valley fight.

William Thomas Craycroft (left) died on October 31, 1906, in Dallas, Texas, and was buried in the West Hill Cemetery in Sherman, Texas. He was an 1869 graduate of the United States Military Academy who was a First Lieutenant in Company B. He was not at the battle because he was in St. Paul, Minnesota, purchasing horses.

John Fox was born on November 1, 1846, in Buffalo, New York. He was a private in Company D who participated in the hilltop fight.

William Frederick Braendle was born in Wurttemberg, Germany, on November 1, 1855, to Jakob Friederich and Johanna Magdelena Pfisterer Braendle. He was a Private in Company C who was not present at the battle due to detached service at Yellowstone Depot.

Edwin Butler Wight married Abbie Jane Gowell on November 1, 1886. She was the second of his three wives with whom he had two children. He was a Private in Company B who was not at the battle due to detached service at Powder River, Montana.

James E. Moore died on November 1, 1894, in Union, South Carolina. He was a Farrier with Company B who was with the pack train and in the hilltop fight.

Charles Camillus DeRudio (left) died on November 1, 1910, in Los Angeles, California, and was buried in the San Francisco National Cemetery. He was a First Lieutenant in Company E who participated in the valley and hilltop fights.

William Kane died in Washington, D.C., on November 2, 1879, and was buried in the Soldiers’ Home National Cemetery there. He was a Private in Company C who was not present at the battle due to illness.

John E. Armstrong was born on November 4, 1836, to Joshua and Matilda Faunce Armstrong in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was a Saddler for Company A who was killed in the valley fight during the battle.

A memorial service was held for Frederick Deetline (left) on November 4, 1978, during which his Medal of Honor marker for extraordinary heroism was revealed.

This Week in Little Bighorn History

Benjamin Beck was born on October 15, 1852, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was a Private in the Band, so he was on detached service at the Powder River depot.

Frederick Deetline (left) was awarded the Medal of Honor on October 15, 1878, for his actions during the battle.

Thomas Wellesley Causby (right) died on October 16, 1906, in Davenport, Iowa, and was buried in the Oakdale Memorial Gardens there. He was a Sergeant with the Quartermaster who was not present at the battle due to detached service at Powder River.

Ernest Albert Garlington (left) died in Coronado, California, on October 16, 1934, and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery in Section 3, Grave 1735-BSH. He was a Second Lieutenant assigned to Company H who was not present at the battle because he was on leave after his graduation from West Point.

Fremont Kipp (left) was born on October 17, 1856, in Noble Hill, Noble County, Ohio. He was a Private in Company D who was in the hilltop fight.

Benjamin C. Criswell (right) died on October 17, 1921, in Eldorado, Jackson County, Oklahoma, and was buried in the Pleasant Hill Cemetery in Gould, Harmon County, Oklahoma. He was a Sergeant with Company B who rode with the pack train and was wounded during the hilltop fight. He was awarded the Medal of Honor on October 5, 1878, for his actions during that fight.

Anton Seibelder [gravestone is incorrect] died at the Soldiers’ Home in Washington, D.C., on October 18, 1913, and was buried in the National Cemetery there. He was a Private in Company A who participated in the valley and hilltop fights during the battle.

Michael Reagan, who was also known as John Desmond, was born on October 19, 1834, in Queenstown, Cobb County, Ireland. He was a Private in Company K who was not present at the battle due to detached service at Powder River.

Samuel Frederick Staples was born on October 19, 1849, in East Douglas, Massachusetts. He was a Corporal in Company I who was killed with Custer’s Column.

Charles Adolph Stein committed suicide on October 19, 1891, in St. Paul, Minnesota, and was buried there in Oakland Cemetery. He was a Veterinary Surgeon with the 7th Cavalry who was at the Powder River Depot during the battle.

Frank Lambertin died on October 20, 1913, in Prescott, Yavapai County, Arizona, and was buried in Citizens Cemetery there. He was a Private in Company H who was not present at the battle due to illness.

James Augusta Abos died on October 20, 1925, in the Bronx, New York, and was buried in Woodlawn Cemetery there. He was a Private assigned to Company B but was not present at the battle because he was confined at Fort Leavenworth, awaiting trial for desertion.

George Kelley died on October 21, 1922, in Leavenworth, Kansas, and was buried in the National Cemetery there. He was a Private in Company H who was not present at the battle due to detached service with General Terry’s column.

This Week in Little Bighorn History

Myles Moylan (left) died on December 11, 1909, in San Diego, California, and was buried in Greenwood Memorial Park in San Diego. He was a Captain who commanded Company A during the valley and hilltop fights. He was awarded the Medal of Honor in 1894 for his actions at Bear Paw Mountain in 1877.

William Van Wyck Reily (left) was born on December 12, 1853, in Washington D.C. He was a Second Lieutenant in Company F who was killed during the battle on June 25, 1876.

David Ackison was reported to have disappeared on December 12, 1890. It was assumed he fell in a river near Linton, North Dakota, and drowned. He was a Private in Company E who was not present at the battle because he was sick with consumption on the steamer Far West.

John Godfried Tritten (left) died in Dayton, Ohio, on December 12, 1918, and was buried in the Springlawn Cemetery in New Paris, Ohio. He was Saddler Sergeant on detached service at Powder River, Montana, during the battle.

Frederick Deetline (right) died on December 13, 1910, in San Antonio, Texas, and was buried in the National Cemetery there. He was the Blacksmith for Company D who was in the hilltop fight. He was awarded the Medal of Honor in October 1878 for his actions during the battle, and he received the appropriate MOH headstone 100 years later.

Francis Marion Gibson (left) was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on December 14, 1847. He was a First Lieutenant in Company H who performed scouting duty and participated in the hilltop fight. He survived the battle, but his brother-in-law, Donald McIntosh (right) did not.

Henry Holden served as a Private in Company D and was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions during the hilltop fight. He died on December 14, 1905, in East Brighton, England, and was buried in the Brighton and Preston Cemetery there.

James P. Boyle was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, on December 15, 1855. He was a Private in Company G who participated in the valley and hilltop fights during the battle and was wounded in his back.

Matthew Maroney died on December 15, 1880, in Washington, D.C., and was buried in the Soldiers’ Home National Cemetery there. He was a Sergeant in Company H who participated in the hilltop fight.

Felix Villiet Vinatieri (left), the Chief Musician of the Seventh Cavalry, died in Yankton, South Dakota, on December 15, 1891, and was buried in the Yankton City Cemetery. The band was not present at the battle.

William Friedrich Braendle died in Santa Rosa, California, on December 15, 1932, and was buried in the San Francisco National Cemetery. He was a Private in Company F who was on detached service at Power River, Montana, during the battle. His obituary claimed he was a last survivor of the battle by being on courier duty, but that was not the case.

John McKenna, who was also known as John Kenney, drowned in the Ohio River before December 16, 1888, when his body was found near Constance, Kentucky. He was a Private with Company E who was with the pack train and in the hilltop fight.

American Horse (left)) died on December 16, 1908, in South Dakota, and was buried in Holy Cross Cemetery at Pine Ridge, South Dakota. He was an Oglala who fought against Reno and Custer during the battle.

Edward D. Pigford (right) died in Lock Three, Pennsylvania, on December 16, 1932, and was buried in the Richland Cemetery in Dravosburg, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. He was a Private with Company M who fought in the valley and hilltop fights and was wounded.

Myles Moylan (see December 11 entry) was born on December 17, 1838, in Amesbury, Massachusetts. He was the Captain of Company A and was in command of the company during the valley and hilltop fights.

George Loyd, who participated in the valley and hilltop fights, died in Fort Riley, Kansas, on December 17, 1892, and is buried in the Post Cemetery. He was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions at Wounded Knee.

George B. Penwell (right) died on December 17, 1905, at Barnes Hospital in Washington, D.C., and was buried at the Soldiers’ Home National Cemetery there. He was the Trumpeter for Company K and participated in the valley and hilltop fights.

John Schwerer died at the National Soldiers Home in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on December 17, 1913, and was buried at the Wood National Cemetery there. He was a Private in Company K who participated in the hilltop fight.

James O’Neill died on December 17, 1931, in Sawtelle, California, and was buried in the Los Angeles National Cemetery. He was a Private in Company B who was not present at the battle due to illness.

This Week in Little Bighorn History

William Millard Caldwell (left) died on October 30, 1913, in Clearfield, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania, and was buried in the Old Town Cemetery there. He was a Private in Company B who was not present at the Battle of the Little Bighorn due to detached service at Powder River, Montana.

Anton Seibelder was born in Lichtenvoorde, Germany, on October 31, 1828. He was a Private in Company A who participated in the valley and hilltop fights during the battle.

Boston Custer (left) was born on October 31, 1848, in New Rumley, Ohio. He served as a Guide for the 7th Cavalry and was killed along with his two brothers during the battle.

James Madison DeWolf (right) married Fannie J. Downing on October 31, 1871. He was the Acting Assistant Surgeon for the 7th Cavalry who was killed during the retreat from the valley fight.

John Fox was born on November 1, 1846, in Buffalo, New York. He was a private in Company D who participated in the hilltop fight.

William Frederick Braendle was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, November 1, 1855. He was a Private in Company C who was not present at the battle due to detached service at Yellowstone Depot.

Edwin Butler Wight married Abbie J. Gowell on November 1, 1886. She was the second of his three wives with whom he had two children. He was a Private in Company B who was not at the battle due to detached service at Powder River, Montana.

James E. Moore died on November 1, 1894, in Union, South Carolina. He was a Farrier with Company B who was with the pack train and in the hilltop fight.

John E. Armstrong was born on November 4, 1836, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was a Saddler for Company A who was killed in the valley fight during the battle.

A memorial service was held for Frederick Deetline on November 4, 1978, during which his Medal of Honor marker for extraordinary heroism was revealed.

William David Nugent (right) was born on November 5, 1852, in Grayson County, Kentucky. He was a Private in Company A who participated in the valley and hilltop fights.

Olans Hansen Northeg committed suicide at Fort Meade, Dakota Territory, on November 5, 1882, and was buried in the Fort Meade National Cemetery in Sturgis, South Dakota. He was a Sergeant in Company G who participated in the valley and hilltop fights. See also 7th Cavalry Troopers in South Dakota.

This Week in Little Bighorn History

Edward Settle Godfrey (left) was born on October 9, 1843, in Kalida, Ohio. He was a First Lieutenant in command of Company K during scouting and the hilltop fight at the Battle of the Little Bighorn.

P. Henry Bishley was born in Chicago, Illinois, on October 9, 1846. He was a Private in Company H who was wounded during the hilltop fight.

Adam Wetzel was born on October 9, 1846, in St. Louis, Missouri. He was a Corporal with Company B who was with the pack train and participated in the hilltop fight.

Hairy Moccasin (left) died in Lodge Grass, Big Horn County, Montana, on October 9, 1922, and was buried in Saint Ann’s Cemetery there two days later. He was a scout who rode with Custer’s Column and participated in the hilltop fight.

Frank Berwald (right) died on October 9, 1936, in Highland Falls, New York, and was buried in the Sacred Heart Cemetery there. He was a Private with Company E who was with the pack train and participated in the hilltop fight.

Moses Eaton Flint was born on October 10, 1819, in Richford, Vermont. He was a Packer for the Quartermaster unit who was with the pack train during the battle and participated in the hilltop fight.

George Anson Merritt (left) was born in Stonington, Connecticut, on October 10, 1840. He was a Private in the band that stayed behind, so he was not in the battle.

Algernon Emory Smith (right) married Nettie B. Bowen on October 10, 1867. He was a First Lieutenant in command of Company E who was killed with Custer’s Column.

Christopher Criddle was born on October 11, 1845, in New Canton, Buckingham County, Virginia. He was a Private in Company C who was killed with Custer’s Column during the battle.

Harry McBratney died on October 12, 1892, near Mandan, North Dakota, and was buried in the Mandan Union Cemetery. He was a Packer with the pack train who participated in the hilltop fight.

Dennis Lynch (left) died on October 13, 1933, in Washington, D.C., and was buried in the Soldiers’ Home National Cemetery there. He was a Private in Company F who was not present at the battle because he was guarding Custer’s luggage on the steamer Far West.

Henry William Bigler Mechlin (right) was born in Mount Pleasant, Pennsylvania, on October 14, 1851. He was a blacksmith for Company H who was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions during the hilltop fight.

George Weaver (left) died on October 14, 1886, at Fort Meade, Dakota Territory, and was buried in the National Cemetery there. He was a Private in Company M who participated in the valley and hilltop fights.

John Ryan (right) died in West Newton, Massachusetts, on October 14, 1926, and was buried in the Calvary Cemetery and Mausoleum in Waltham, Massachusetts. He was the First Sergeant for Company M who was in the valley and hilltop fights.

William James Bailey (left) died on October 14, 1933, in St. Cloud, Florida, and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Virginia. He was a Scout who was on the steamer Far West, so he was not present at the battle.

Benjamin Beck was born on October 15, 1852, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was a Private in the Band, so he was on detached service at the Powder River depot.

Frederick Deetline (left) was awarded the Medal of Honor on October 15, 1878, for his actions during the battle.

This Week in Little Bighorn History

William Van Wyck Reily (left) was born on December 12, 1853, in Washington D.C. He was a Second Lieutenant in Company F who was killed during the Battle of the Little Bighorn on June 25, 1876.

John Godfried Tritten died in Dayton, Ohio, on December 12, 1918, and was buried in the Springlawn Cemetery in New Paris, Ohio. He was Saddler Sergeant on detached service at Powder River, Montana, during the battle.

Frederick Deetline (left) died on December 13, 1910, in San Antonio, Texas, and was buried in the National Cemetery there. He was the Blacksmith for Company D who was in the hilltop fight. He was awarded the Medal of Honor in October 1878 for his actions during the battle, and he received the appropriate MOH headstone 100 years later.

James P. Boyle was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, on December 15, 1855. He was a Private in Company G who participated in the valley and hilltop fights during the battle and was wounded in his back.

Matthew Maroney died on December 15, 1880, in Washington, D.C., and was buried in the Soldiers’ Home National Cemetery there. He was a Sergeant in Company H who participated in the hilltop fight.

Myles Moylan (left) was born on December 17, 1838, in Amesbury, Massachusetts. He was the Captain of Company A and was in command of the company during the valley and hilltop fights. He later was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions at Bear Paw Mountain.

George B. Penwell (left) died on December 17, 1905, at Barnes Hospital in Washington, D.C., and was buried at the Soldiers’ Home National Cemetery there. He was the Trumpeter for Company K and participated in the valley and hilltop fights.

John Schwerer died at the National Soldiers Home in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on December 17, 1913, and was buried at the Wood National Cemetery there. He was a Private in Company K who participated in the hilltop fight.

James O’Neill died on December 17, 1931, in Sawtelle, California, and was buried in the Los Angeles National Cemetery. He was a Private in Company B who was not present at the battle due to illness.

James C. Blair (left) was born in Camden, New Jersey, on December 18, 1850. He was a Private in Company K who was on detached service at Fort Abraham Lincoln during the battle, charged with tending the company’s property and garden.

Michael P. Madden died in California, Missouri, on December 18, 1883, and was buried in the California City Cemetery there. He was the Saddler for Company K who was wounded during the hilltop fight while getting water for the wounded, but he was not awarded a Medal of Honor for his actions. Dr. Henry Porter (right) amputated his leg in the field.

William Henry Davenport died on December 18, 1904, in Missoula, Montana, and was buried at the Missoula Cemetery. He was a Private in Company B who was with the pack train and in the hilltop fight.

This Week in Little Bighorn History

Anton Seibelder was born in Lichtenvoorde, Germany, on October 31, 1828. He was a Private in Company A who participated in the valley and hilltop fights during the Battle of the Little Bighorn.

Boston Custer (left) was born on October 31, 1848, in New Rumley, Ohio. He was the brother of George and Thomas Custer who was serving as a Guide on the campaign.

James Madison DeWolf (right) married Fannie J. Downing on October 31, 1871. He was the Acting Assistant Surgeon for the staff who was killed during the retreat from the valley.

William Thomas Craycroft (left) died on October 31, 1906, in Dallas, Texas, and was buried in West Hill Cemetery in Sherman, Texas. He was an 1869 graduate of the United States Military Academy who was a First Lieutenant in Company B. He was not present at the battle due to detached service.

John Fox was born on November 1, 1846, in Buffalo, New York. He was a private in Company D who participated in the hilltop fight.

William Frederick Braendle was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, November 1, 1855. He was a Private in Company C who was not present at the Battle of the Little Bighorn due to detached service at Yellowstone Depot.

Edwin B. Wight married Abbie J. Gowell on November 1, 1886. She was the second of his three wives with whom he had two children. He was a Private in Company B who was not at the battle due to detached service at Powder River, Montana.

James E. Moore died on November 1, 1894, in Union, South Carolina. He was a Farrier with Company B who was with the pack train and in the hilltop fight.

John E. Armstrong was born on November 4, 1836, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was a Saddler for Company A who was killed in the valley fight during the battle.

A memorial service was held for Frederick Deetline (left) on November 4, 1978, during which his Medal of Honor marker was revealed.

William David Nugent (right) was born on November 5, 1852, in Grayson County, Kentucky. He was a Private in Company A who participated in the valley and hilltop fights.

Olans Hansen Northeg committed suicide at Fort Meade, Dakota Territory, on November 5, 1882. He was buried in the Fort Meade National Cemetery in Sturgis, South Dakota. He was a Sergeant in Company G who participated in the valley and hilltop fights. See also 7th Cavalry Troopers in South Dakota.

William G. Abrams married Elizabeth Adelphine Smith Marine on November 6, 1881. He was a Private in Company A who was with the pack train and participated in the hilltop fight.

John W. Burkman (left) committed suicide by gunshot in Billings, Montana, on November 6, 1925. He was buried in the Custer National Cemetery in Crow Agency, Montana. He was a Private with Company L who was with the pack train and participated in the hilltop fight.

This Week in Little Bighorn History

Moses Eaton Flint was born on October 10, 1819, in Richford, Vermont. He was a Packer for the Quartermaster unit who was with the pack train during the Battle of the Little Bighorn and participated in the hilltop fight.

George Anson Merritt (left) was born in Stonington, Connecticut, on October 10, 1840. He was a Private in the band that stayed behind, so he was not in the battle.

Algernon Emory Smith (right) married Nettie B. Bowen on October 10, 1867. He was a First Lieutenant in command of Company E who was killed with Custer’s Column.

Christopher Criddle was born on October 11, 1845, in New Canton, Buckingham County, Virginia. He was a Private in Company C who was killed with Custer’s Column during the battle.

Harry McBratney died on October 12, 1892, near Mandan, North Dakota, and was buried in the Mandan Union Cemetery. He was a Packer with the pack train who participated in the hilltop fight.

Dennis Lynch (left) died on October 13, 1933, in Washington, D.C., and was buried in the Soldiers’ Home National Cemetery there. He was a Private in Company F who was not present at the battle because he was guarding Custer’s luggage on the steamer Far West.

Henry William Bigler Mechlin (right) was born in Mount Pleasant, Pennsylvania, on October 14, 1851. He was a blacksmith for Company H who was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions during the hilltop fight.

Benjamin Beck was born on October 15, 1852, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was a Private in the Band, so he was on detached service at the Powder River depot.

Frederick Deetline (left) was awarded the Medal of Honor on October 15, 1878, for his actions during the battle.

Ernest Albert Garlington (left) died in Coronado, California, on October 16, 1934, and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery in Section 3, Grave 1735-BSH. He was a Second Lieutenant in Company H who was not present at the battle because he was on leave after his graduation from the U. S. Military Academy at West Point.

This Week in Little Bighorn History

Frederick Deetline (left) died on December 13, 1910, in San Antonio, Texas, and was buried in the National Cemetery there. He was the Blacksmith for Company D who was in the hilltop fight. He was awarded the Medal of Honor in October 1878 for his actions during the Battle of the Little Bighorn, and he received the appropriate MOH headstone 100 years later.

James P. Boyle was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, on December 15, 1855. He was a Private in Company G who participated in the valley and hilltop fights during the battle and was wounded in his back.

Matthew Maroney died on December 15, 1880, in Washington, D.C., and was buried in the Soldiers’ Home National Cemetery there. He was a Sergeant in Company H who participated in the hilltop fight.

John Donahoe died on December 15, 1905, in San Francisco, California, and was buried in the National Cemetery there. He was the Saddler for Company M who participated in the valley and hilltop fights.

William Friedrich Braendle died in Santa Rosa, California, on December 15, 1932, and was buried in the San Francisco National Cemetery. He was a First Lieutenant with Company L who was not present at the battle due to illness.

John Schwerer died at the National Soldiers Home in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on December 17, 1913, and was buried at the Wood National Cemetery. He was a Private in Company K who participated in the hilltop fight.

James C. Blair was born in Camden, New Jersey, on December 18, 1850. He was a Private in Company K who was on detached service at Fort Abraham Lincoln during the battle, charged with tending the company’s property and garden.

This Week in Little Bighorn History

John Samuel Ragsdale was born in Elizabethtown, Kentucky, on December 9, 1850. He was a Private in Company A who was not present at the Battle of the Little Bighorn due to detached service.

Charles A. Windolph (left) was born on December 9, 1851, in Bergen, Germany. He was a Private in Company H who was wounded in the hilltop fight. He was awarded the Purple Heart and the Medal of Honor for his actions during the battle.

Thomas Gordon (right) was born in Boston on December 9, 1853. He was a Private in Company K who participated in the hilltop fight.

Thomas Benton Weir (left) died on Governors Island, New York, on December 9, 1876, less than six months after the battle. He was the Captain of Company D who participated in scouting and in the hilltop fight. He was originally buried on Governors Island but was moved to the Cypress Hills National Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York.

Martin Kilfoyle died on December 9, 1894, in Washington, D.C. He was a Private in Company G who was on detached service during the battle.

Henry Jackson died in Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, on December 9, 1908, and is buried in the National Cemetery there. He was a First Lieutenant in Company F who was not at the battle due to detached service.

John Sivertsen (left) was born on December 10, 1841, in Jensen, Norway. He was a Private in Company M who fought in the valley and hilltop fights.

Henry N. B. Witt was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on December 10, 1852. He was a Private in Company K on detached service during the battle.

William J. Gregg (right) died on December 10, 1913, in Hampton, Virginia, and is buried in the National Cemetery there. He was a Private in Company F who was with the pack train and participated in the hilltop fight.

Frederick Henry Gehrmann died on December 10, 1922, in Washington, D.C., and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery. He was a Private in Company B who was on detached service during the battle.

William Van Wyck Reily (left) was born on December 12, 1853, in Washington D.C. He was a Second Lieutenant in Company F who was killed during the battle on June 25, 1876.

John Godfried Tritten died in Dayton, Ohio, on December 12, 1918. He was Saddler Sergeant on detached service during the battle.